Amber

The English word amber derives from Arabic ʿanbar. Amber in fact, is a tree resin that has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty. Much valued from antiquity to the present as a fossilized object, gemstone, amber is made into a variety of luxurious objects, is used in jewelry and acts as a healing agent in traditional ancient medicine as well as incense.

There are different amber classes, defined on the basis of their chemical constituents. Because it originates as a soft, sticky tree resin, amber sometimes contains animal and plant material as inclusions.

“Amber is produced from a marrow discharged by trees belonging to the pine genus, like gum from the cherry, and resin from the ordinary pine. The juice (resin) of a pine tree, is the fact that it emits a pine-like smell when rubbed, and that it burns, when ignited, with the odor and appearance of torch-pine wood, woody base”.

Myrrh

Commiphora myrrha is a species of flowering plant in the Burseraceae family. This is the main plant for aromatic resins called a medicinal herb. It is native to the Arabian Peninsula. Myrrh amber is characterized by a slightly spicy-sweet scent of balsamic delicacy and are often used in perfumery. While the resin is used more as a fixing component, the oil obtained by steam distillation is already effective in the top note.

Frankincense

Obtained from trees resins of the genus Boswellia in the family Burseraceae. There are several species of Boswellia trees that produce true frankincense ao., Carteri, Frereana, Serrata, Thurifera as an Indian frankincense. Resin from each is available in various grades, which depend on the time of harvesting. The resin is hand-sorted for quality. The word Frankincense is from Old French francencense. Also known as olibanum is an resin used in incense and perfumes due to its aromatic effect.

Amber Gris

Ambergris is a solid, waxy, substance of a grey scaled color and is animalistic, coming from whales. Freshly produced ambergris has a marine, fecal odor. It acquires a sweet, earthy scent as it ages, commonly likened to the fragrance of rubbing alcohol without the vaporous chemical astringency. Ambergris has been highly valued by perfume makers as a fixative that allows the scent to endure much longer, although it has been mostly replaced by synthetic ambroxide.